System of electrical distribution.



PATENTED FEB. 3, 1903.

J. L. CREVELING.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 7, 1900.

N0 MODEL wi/imwow UNITED STATES JOHN L. CREVELING,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 719,753, dated February3, 1903. Application filed December '7, 1900. Serial No. 39,051. (Nomodel.)

To all whmn it Duty concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. OREVELING, of New York, in the county of NewYork, State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Systems of Electrical Distribution, of which thefollowing is a complete specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawing.

The object of my invention is to produce in a system of electricaldistribution a simple, emcient, and economical pole-changing, devicewhereby current through the mains may be kept flowing in the samedirection irrespective of the direction in which the armature-shaft isrevolved.

The accompanying drawing is a diagrammatic illustration of one form ofembodiment of my invention, affording means for illustrating theprinciple thereof.

Referring to the numerals on the drawing, 1 indicates an armature, 2 itscommutator, and 3 its field-magnet.

4 indicates a field exciting-coil, preferably deriving current as from astorage battery, hereinafter referred to. 5 indicates a generator leadcommunicating with one of its brushes, and 6 the other generator leadcommunicating with the other brush. These are in electricalcommunication, respectively, with contact-plates 7 and 8, carried uponbut insulated from a movable member or lever 9, pivotally mounted, asindicated at 10. The contact-plates 7 and 8 are adapted, respectively,to make contact with fixed pairs of contact-pieces 11 and 12 and 13 and14, located, respectively, within the limit of the arc of movement ofthe lever 9 and in the path of movement of the plates 7 and 8,respectively. The pieces 11 and 12 are connected, respectively, as bywires 15 and 16, with mains 17 and 18, with which also thecontact-pieces 13 and 14 are connected in reverse order, as by wires 19and 20. The main 17 connects with an automatic switch 21, adapted toclose when the voltage in the mains reaches a predetermined minimumlimit and to remain open until that limit is attained. This switchconstitutes no part of my present invention and being familiar in theart appears to require no further illustration and description than thatherein presented. The switch 21 is ad aptcd to make and break connectionwith the main 22, which connects with one pole of a battery 23, with theother pole of which the main 18 is connected.

24 indicates a translating device or lamp system placed in multipleacross the mains 18 and 22 with the battery.

The field exciting-coil, as illustrated, derives current from thebattery 23 through wires 25 and 26, connected with the mains 22 and 18,respectively.

The lever 9 is provided with a tailpiece 27, to which is connected aspring 28, which at the other end is connected with a stud-supportedtension-regulatingscrew29. Thetension of the spring 28 tends normally tomaintain the lever 9 in the position shown in the drawing, and therebyto preserve contact between the plates 7 a-nd 8 and the contactpieces 11and 12, respectively. The lever is designed to be actuated as apole-changer against the force of its spring 28, and is therefore linkedto a magnetically-attractable member 30, illustrated as a solenoid-corethat is adapted to be actuated by electromagnetic means, illustrated asthe solenoid 31. The solenoid is provided with two windings, Whosepresence is indicated, as by a medial ring 32. The lower winding isconnected, as by wires 33 and 34, with the wires 25 and 26,respectively, through which it derives a current,

whose direction of flow is at all times uniform. I

The upper winding is connected, as by Wires 35 and 36, with thegenerator leads 5 and 6, respectively, and therefrom derives a currentwhose direction of flow is dependent upon the direction of rotation ofthe armature 1.

The upper winding of the solenoid 31 tends to attract the core 30 onlywhen the armature is rotating, while the lower winding thereof exerts anuninterrupted tendency to attract the core. The tendency is resisted bythe force of the spring 28, which, as stated, normally holds the lever 9in the position illustrated, and thereby connects the leads 5 and 6 withthe mains 17 and 18, respectively. The windings of the solenoid are sorelated that if the armature 1 be caused to revolve in the direction inwhich current will pass in the required direction through the mains whenthe lever 9 is in its normal position, as illustrated, the efiect of theshunt-circuit through the Wires 35 and 36 and the upper winding of thesolenoid will be subtractive from the force exerted by the lower windingof the solenoid. Consequently the tendency of the lower winding of thesolenoid to attract the core 30 will be diminished and the efiect willbe to assist the power of the spring 28 in holding the lever 9 in itsnormal position. If, on the contrary, the armature be caused to rotatein the opposite direction from that above stated, the force of the upperwinding of the solenoid will become, as the field of the generatorbuilds up, suflicient, especially when added to that of the force of thelower winding of the solenoid,'to attract the core 30 against the powerof the spring 28 and reverse the connections of the pole-changer. It isof course necessary that the solenoid and other members of thepole-changer shall be so adjusted that the core 30 will be attracted soas to change the position of thelever 9 before the voltage of thegenerator shall have reached the limit at which the switch 21 willclose.

Otherwise the constant direction of flow of current through the mainswould not be maintained, which is a main object of my invention. Byproper attention to the conditions specified the pole-changer may beautomatically shifted with accuracy to preserve a constant direction offlow through the storage battery and translating device, irrespective ofthe direction of rotation of the armature.

It is obvious that usual means for opening the circuits in shunt to thebattery may be provided to prevent waste of current; but these beingmerely economical and non-essential features are omitted for the sake ofbrevity.

What I claim is 1. The combination in a pole changer of a movable memberyieldingly maintained in one operative position, a counteractingelectromagnet, and means for operatively energizing said magnet bycurrent in one direction only.

2. The combination with a generator, storage battery and translatingdevice in circuit one with the other, of a pole-changer in said circuitcomprising a movable member yieldingly maintained in a normal position,a solenoid-core connected with said member, a

solenoid adapted to actuate said core, said solenoid being provided witha plurality of windings deriving energy, respectively, in the mannerdescribed, the energizing of either winding being insufficient to changethe normal position of the movable member, but the power of bothwindings being adapted for that purpose.

3. The combination with a generator, storage battery, translating deviceand switchcontrolled circuit connecting the same, of a pole-changer insaid circuit comprisinga movable member yieldingly maintained in oneoperative normal position, a solenoid-core connected with said member,asolenoid adapted to actuate said core and change the position of saidmember, said solenoid being provided with two windings, one derivingcurrent from the battery and the other from the generator.

4. A pole-changer comprising the combination of a spring-actuatedmovable member adapted by its movement to make contact between ditterentpairs of contact-pieces and normally maintained in one operativeposition, magneticallyattractable means connected with said member, andan electromagnetic member provided with a plurality of windings derivingcurrent, respectively, from a source aflording a uniform direction offlow, and a source affording periodically a flow in opposite directions.

5. The combination with a generator, storage battery, and translatingdevice in circuit one with the other, of a pole-changer in said circuitcomprising a movable member, springactuated means for normallymaintaining the pole-changer in one circuit-closing position andcounteractive electromagnetic means adapted to shift the position of thepolechangerto its other operative position by current in one directiononly. F

In testimony of all which I have hereunto subscribed my name.

JOHN L. OREVELING.

WVitnesses:

FREDERICK E. KESSINGER, Enw. O. SOFIO.

